SAE AS1046 Minimum Standard for Portable Gaseous, Oxygen Equipment
时间:2024-05-11 05:19:53 来源: 标准资料网 作者：标准资料网 阅读：9786
Product Code:SAE AS1046
Title:Minimum Standard for Portable Gaseous, Oxygen Equipment
Issuing Committee:A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Scope:This standard is intended to apply to portable compressed gaseous oxygen equipment. When properly configured, this equipment is used either for the administration of supplemental oxygen, first aid oxygen or smoke protection to one or more occupants of either private or commercial transport aircraft.
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforIrradiationofInsectsforSterileReleasePrograms
【原文标准名称】:无菌释放程序中昆虫辐照剂量测量指南
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM51940-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:absorbeddose;biologicalcontrol;cesium-137;cobalt-60;electronaccelerator;dosimeter;dosimetry;gamma;insectirradiation;insectrearing;ionizingradiation;irradiation;irradiatorcharacterization;parasitoidrearing;radiation;sterileinsectte
【摘要】:4.1Themajoruseoffactory-rearedinsectsisinsterilereleaseprograms(forexample,SterileInsectTechnique,orSIT)forsuppressingoreradicatingpestpopulations(1)5.Largenumbersofreproductivelysterile(irradiated)insectsarereleasedintoanareawhereawild"targetpopulation"ofthesamespeciesexists.Thewildpopulationisreducedtotheextentthatthesterilemalesaresuccessfulinmatingwithwildfemales.Theradiationdosetothefactory-rearedinsectsshouldbewithinarangethatinducesthedesiredlevelofsterilitywithoutsubstantiallyreducingtheabilityoffactory-rearedmalestocompetewithwildmalesformates.SpeciestargetedbySITprogramsaretypicallymajorpestsaffectingagricultureorhumanhealth,sotheassurancebystandardizeddosimetrythatinsectshavebeenproperlyirradiatedisofcrucialimportancetoagriculturegrowers,agriculturalregulators,publichealthofficials,andthepublic(1-4).Theirradiatoroperatormustdemonstratebymeansofaccurateabsorbed-dosemeasurementsthatallinsectswillreceiveabsorbeddosewithinthespecifiedrange.4.2Anotheruseoffactory-rearedinsectsisintheproductionofparasitoidsforreleaseagainstpopulationsofinsectpests(5).Parasitoidsareinsectsthatspendthelarvalstagefeedingwithinthebodyofa"host"species,typicallykillingthehost.Insomeparasitoidprograms,factory-rearedhostinsectsareirradiatedbeforebeingofferedtoparasitoids.Thiseliminatestheneedtoseparateunparasitizedhostsfromparasitoidssothatfertile,unparasitizedhostinsectsarenotinadvertentlyreleasedintothefield.4.3Factory-rearedinsectsmaybetreatedwithionizingradiation,suchasgammaradiationfrom137Csor60Cosources,orX-raysorelectronsfromaccelerators.Gammairradiationofinsectsisusuallycarriedoutinsmall,fixed-geometry,drystorageirradiators(6-8).Dosimetrymethodsforgammairradiationofinsectshavebeendemonstratedandincludeusefulproceduresformappingtheabsorbeddosethroughoutthevolumeoftheinsectcanisterinthesesmallirradiators(ASTMPracticeE2116andRef(9))aswellaslarge-scalegammairradiators(ISO/ASTMPractice51702andRef(10)).4.4Specificationsforirradiationoffactory-rearedinsectsincludealowerlimitofabsorbeddoseandmayincludeacentraltargetdoseandanupperlimit.Thesevaluesarebasedonprogramrequirementsandonscientificdataoneffectsofabsorbeddoseonthesterility,viability,andcompetitivenessofthefactory-rearedinsects.4.5Foreachirradiator,absorbed-doserateatareferencepositionwithintheirradiatedvolumeofinsectsorsimulatedproductismeasuredusingatransfer-orreference-standarddosimetrysystem.Thatmeasurementmaybeusedtocalculatethetimersetting,conveyorspeed,orotherparameterrequiredtodeliverthespecifiedabsorbeddosetotheinsects.4.6Absorbed-dosemappingforestablishingmagnitudesandlocationsofDminandDmaxisperformedusingactualproductorsimulatedproduct(9).4.7Dosimetryispartofameasurementqualityassuranceplanthatisappliedtoensurethattheradiationprocessmeetspredeterminedspecifications(11).1.1Thisguideoutlinesdosimetricprocedurestobefollowedfortheradiationsterilizationofliveinsectsforuseinpestmanagementprograms.Theprimaryuseofirradiated,reproductivelysterileinsectsisintheSterileInsectTechnique,wherelargenumbersofsterileinsectsarereleasedintothefieldtomatewithandthuscontrolpestpopulationsofthesamespecies.Asecondaryuseofsterileinsectsisasbenignhostsforrearinginsectparasitoids.Theproceduresoutlinedinthisguidewillhelpensurethatinsectsprocessedwithionizingradiationfromgamma,electron,orX-raysourcesreceiveabsorbeddoseswithinapredeterminedrange.Informationone......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:17_240
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Rollerchainsandfittedcogwheelsgearing-Selectionforaerospaceuse.
【原文标准名称】:滚子传动链和配合的嵌齿轮传动机构.航空航天用选择
【标准号】:NFL36-711-1974
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1974-08-01
【实施或试行日期】:1974-08-12
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:规范;质量(物质);航空运输;名称与符号;飞行器设备;齿(切削工具);滚子链;尺寸;测量重锤;飞行器部件;链轮;链传动;齿轮参数;齿数;齿;尺寸公差;断裂荷载
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:V22
【国际标准分类号】:21_220_30;49_035
【页数】:4P;A4
【正文语种】:其他